{"id":96,"date":"2026-09-29T06:51:28","date_gmt":"2026-09-29T06:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/?page_id=96"},"modified":"2026-10-01T14:16:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T14:16:47","slug":"faq","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/about\/faq\/","title":{"rendered":"Frequently Asked Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
General Information<\/strong><\/summary>\n
What is a 108 MWp solar PV project?<\/summary>\n

A 108 MWp (megawatt-peak) solar photovoltaic (PV) project is a utility-scale power generation facility designed to convert solar energy into electricity, with a nominal installed capacity of 108 MW under Standard Test Conditions (STC).<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

How much electricity will the PV plant produce annually?<\/summary>\n

A 108 MWp solar PV plant is expected to generate:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Approximately 140\u2013180 GWh per year, depending on solar irradiance, system design, and losses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    In the Kosovo\/Balkans region, a typical annual generation range is 150\u2013165 GWh<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

    How many households can this supply?<\/summary>\n

    The plant can supply electricity to approximately 20,000\u201330,000 households, depending on average annual consumption per household.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n
    Technical Aspects<\/strong><\/summary>\n
    What components are included in the project?<\/summary>\n

    The main components of a utility-scale PV plant include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Photovoltaic (PV) modules<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Inverters<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Mounting structures<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • DC and AC cabling systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Step-up transformers<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Substation and grid interconnection infrastructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) and monitoring systems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
      What is the expected lifetime of the plant?<\/summary>\n
        \n
      • PV modules: 25\u201330 years<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Inverters: 10\u201315 years (typically replaced once during the project lifetime)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Overall project lifetime: 25\u201330 years<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
        What is the capacity factor?<\/summary>\n

        In the Balkan region, the expected capacity factor typically ranges between 16% and 20%, depending on site-specific conditions.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

        \n\n\n\n
        Land & Environmental Impact<\/strong><\/summary>\n
        How much land is required?<\/summary>\n

        A 100 MWp solar PV plant typically requires approximately 100\u2013120 hectares, equivalent to 1.0\u20131.2 hectares per MWp, depending on layout and technology.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

        Does the project harm the environment?<\/summary>\n

        When properly designed and permitted, environmental impacts are minimal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • No greenhouse gas emissions during operation<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Low noise levels<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Potential for dual land use (e.g., agricultural activities)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          Grid Connection & Operation<\/strong><\/summary>\n
          How is the PV plant connected to the grid?<\/summary>\n

          The plant is typically connected to the transmission network via a 110 kV substation, in accordance with grid operator requirements.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

          Does solar affect grid stability?<\/summary>\n

          Solar PV introduces variability; however, impacts are manageable through:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Detailed grid impact and interconnection studies<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Implementation of voltage control and reactive power support<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Integration of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) where required<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            Financial Aspects<\/strong><\/summary>\n
            What is the approximate investment cost?<\/summary>\n

            The total investment cost for a 100 MWp solar PV project is typically in the range of \u20ac60\u201370 million, depending on technology selection, market conditions, and project-specific factors.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

            What are the main cost components?<\/summary>\n

            Key cost components include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • PV modules (~40\u201350% of total CAPEX)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Inverters<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) services<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Grid connection infrastructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Land acquisition and permitting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
              What is the expected payback period?<\/summary>\n

              The typical payback period is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • 10\u201312 years, depending on:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) terms<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • EPC costs<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Financing structure and cost of capital<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n\n
                Construction & Timeline<\/strong><\/summary>\n
                How long does it take to build the PV plant?<\/summary>\n
                  \n
                • Development phase (permitting, studies, financing): 3\u20135 years<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Construction phase: 12\u201318 months<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                  What are the main project phases?<\/summary>\n

                  The project is typically implemented through the following phases:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Feasibility study and site assessment<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Permitting and regulatory approvals<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Financial close<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • EPC construction<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Testing and commissioning<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Commercial operation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                    \n\n\n\n
                    Operation & Maintenance<\/strong><\/summary>\n
                    What maintenance is required?<\/summary>\n

                    Routine operation and maintenance activities include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • Periodic cleaning of PV modules<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Vegetation management<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Electrical and mechanical inspections<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Inverter maintenance and servicing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                      What is the annual O&M cost?<\/summary>\n

                      Annual operation and maintenance costs are typically approximately \u20ac10,000 per MWp per year<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

                      \n\n\n\n
                      Risks & Challenges<\/strong><\/summary>\n
                      What are the main risks?<\/summary>\n

                      Key risks associated with solar PV projects include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      • Regulatory and policy changes<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Grid constraints and potential curtailment<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Variability in solar resource<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Equipment degradation and performance risk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                        What is curtailment?<\/summary>\n

                        Curtailment refers to the reduction of electricity output by the grid operator due to network constraints or system balancing requirements<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

                        \n\n\n\n
                        Social & Economic Impact<\/strong><\/summary>\n
                        Does the project create jobs?<\/summary>\n

                        Yes, the project contributes to job creation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        • Construction phase: 150\u2013300 jobs<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Operational phase: 5\u201315 permanent positions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                          What are the benefits for the local community?<\/summary>\n

                          The project provides several local benefits, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \n
                          • Employment opportunities<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Infrastructure improvements<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Contribution to clean and sustainable energy supply<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                            \n\n\n\n
                            Sustainability & Future Outlook<\/strong><\/summary>\n
                            What happens after 25-30 years?<\/summary>\n

                            At the end of its operational life, the project may:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                              \n
                            • Be repowered with newer, more efficient technologies<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Be decommissioned, with site restoration and material recycling<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                              Are solar PV modules recyclable?<\/summary>\n

                              Yes, PV modules are largely recyclable. Up to 90\u201395% of materials can be recovered and reused.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n

                              What performance metrics are used?<\/summary>\n

                              Key performance indicators include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                \n
                              • Performance Ratio (PR): typically, 75\u201385%<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • Specific Yield: approximately 1,400\u20131,700 kWh\/kWp per year<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n
                                \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                Frequently Asked Questions<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":69,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-no-title","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-96","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":531,"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/96\/revisions\/531"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/69"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/solariss.llc\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}